Combined railway tie and tie-plate and rod.



A. H. HENDERSON.

COMBINED RAILWAY TIE AND TIE PLATE AND ROD.

APPLIQATION FILED SEPT; 51 19!].

y e vwemtoz Patented. Apr. 23, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Clitoinmgs A. H. HENDERSON. COMBINED RAILWAY TIE AND HE PLATE AND ROD.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 5, I917. I

Patented Apr. 23, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

A. H. HENDEBSON. COMBINED RAILWAY TIE AND HE PLATE AND ROD.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 5. 1917.

Patented Apt 28,1918.

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3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- moemtoz i lbli H. HENDESON, 0F BAL GEORGE T. NLY ANDONE- UJE BALTIMORE, MYLAND.

eonnrnnn RAILWAY TIE AND TIE-PLATE arm non.

ecture.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented a as, ten.

Application'filed September 5, 191 Serial No 189,740.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERT H. HENDER- SON, a citizen of the United States,residing at Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, have invented new anduseful Improvements in Combined Railway Ties and Tie-Plates and Rods, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention, in respect to the tie element, is of that class in whichcomparatively small blocks of Wood are used with avmetallic structure assupports for the rails whereby the advantages of a timber tie, whilepresenting a minimum quantity of wood, are secured. Such composite tiesalso, among other advantages, have those ofstrength, of elasticity, ofdeadening sound, and of effecting insulation of the rails required whena signaling system is used involving track circuits.

In the improved composite tie which forms a part of the combinationforming my invention, the wooden blocks are so ar ranged in theirrespective pockets that the upper surfaces of said blocks shall projectabove the upper edges of the metallic tie element whereby to preventcontact of the rails therewith. When the tie is placed on the roadbedand the ballast has been thrown in, there is effected a fast andpermanent interlocking engagement between the tie and ballast, holdingthe tie in position, it being firmly-embedded and anchored so that itcannot move of creep, the construction and result being such that thetie forms a channel to receive and lock longitudinally and transverselyWith the ballast.

' The element of the metallic tie-plate and rod which enters into thecombination constituting this invention is an important factor, not onlyby reason of its individual construction, but in that it is providedwith shoulders which abut against the inner ends of the wooden blocks,whereby retention of the latter in position is assured in a markeddegree.

In the accompanying drawings,--

Figure l is a perspective view showing a combination into which enter myimproved composite tie and tielate and rod. Fig. 2 is a cross section ont e line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the sheet metal blankfrom which the tie in one form is made. Fig. 4 is a top view of thetie-plate and rod blank. Fig. 5 is an enlarged end Fig. 6 is alongitudinal seea fragmentary longitudinal section of a modified form ofthe combined structure.

a central longitudinal section of Fig. 12 is the tie-plate and rod onthe line l212 of Fig. 11, showing the inverted U-shaped character of thecentral or red member-of said structure.

In carrying out my invention, so far as the structure of the metallictie is concerned, I take a sheet of metal, preferably steel, which bysuitable machinery is stamped out to'form a blank A as shown in Fig. 3,and thereafter by suitable means give it the channel or trough-likeshape indicated in Fig. l and other figures. In Fig. 3 the bend outlineis represented by the dotted lines. In that figure the lon itudinalcentral portion is solid as shown y 1, and at the longitudinal center ofthe blank are stamped out or formed openings 2. Similar but smalleropenings 3 are provided near the respective ends of the blank. Certainparts of the outer edges of the blank, and adjacent to the openings 3,are out out as indicated at 4, while at each end of the blank portions 5are removed, leaving extremities 6. The longitudinal central portion 1is projected at each end so as to form continuations 7 which preferablyextend slightly beyond the extremities 6.

Supposing Fi 3 to represent the inner side of the blank A, points orspurs 8 are formed or projected y suitable means at each side of theblank in the portions 9, near the respective ends of the blank Boltholes of the structure seen in the 11 .are made in the several parts ofthe brought to substantially trough or channel shape, each outer end ofthe tie forming a pocket inclosing and clamping a block of wood 12which, generally considered, is usual in composite ties of thischaracter. It will be found in Figs. 1 and 2, and understood from Figs.6 and 11, that the points or spurs 8 at each side of the tie areembedded in a wooden block 12, and that the latter is clamped andadditionally secured in the pockets of the channel by bolts 14 whichpass through holes 11 and are strained and tightened by means of nuts.

The removal of sections of the blank at 2 provides in the completedstructure, in Fig. 1, open sides at the central portion of the tie, andsimilar removal at 3 results in the formation of smaller openings nearthe ends of the tie. The function ,of the openings formed at 2 is topermit the entrance of ballast to the body, or what may be termed theinterior, of the tie, whereby an effective anchor, lock or obstructionagainst longitudinal, creeping, or other movement of the tie withreference to the road bed is insured. The continuations 7 also serve tointerlock with the ballast, and it is to be noticed that the ends of thechanneled portions of the tie project at 15 beyond the outer ends of theblocks 12, and encroach upon the projections or feet 7 for thecooperation of the ballast in the anchoring of the ends of the tie withthe road bed. Similar projections 15 of the sides of the channel areprovided beyond the inner ends of.

the blocks 12, whereby the ballast resting upon the longitudinal centralportion 1 may find its way up against the inner ends of the blocks 12and be pocketed by the bottom 1 and the projections 15, therebyproviding for the embedding and anchoring of the tie at its centralportion in the road bed. Thus the tie is embedded and anchored in andheld by the ballast so as to become practically an integral part of theroad bed, this embedding and anchorage being effected not only at thecentral portion of the tie, that is to say, between the rails, but alsoat the ends of the tie or beyond the track.

If desired, as a. part of the means for preventing creeping orlongitudinal movement of the blocks 12, a portion of the bottom 1 may beslit at the projections 7 that is to say, the solid projections 7 shownin Fig. 1 may be cut, as indicated in Fig. 8, so as to allow a portion 7thereof to be turned up against the outer end of the block 12.

The open sided construction of the channeled tie serves also theimportant purpose of allowing free drainage between the rails, and theconsequent protection of the roadbed and the wooden blocks 12. Theclamping bolts 14 are intended to draw tightly together the sides of thechanneled strucaeeaovo ture, clamping them upon the wooden blocks 12 andcausing the effective penetration of the points or spurs 8 into thesides thereof. In Fig. l, and also in Figs. 2, 5 and 6, it will beobserved that the blocks 12 extend above the upper edges of thechanneled tie, and more especially that the part of the Wooden blockupon which rests the tie plate, on which in turn the rail is placed,extends a considerable portion above the inner edge formed at thecut-away portions 4. Thus sufficient space is provided between the footof the rail and the metallic tie so that any sinkage by wear of the woodcannot result in contact of the rail with a metallic body.

Should it be desired to renew the wooden blocks 12 when worn, it isrequired, first,

to release the bolts 14:, whereupon the points or spurs 8 may bedetached or forced from the wood when, after the removal of the end bolt14, a block 12 may be withdrawn endwise as will be evident from Fig. 1.In the modification shown in Fig. 8 the turned up portion 7 wouldnecessarily have to be flattened. However, if desired, either block, onthe taking out of the ballast at the center of the tie, may be drawninward and lifted out, it being understood that the obstructing boltshave been removed and the points or spurs forced from their hold uponthe wood.

In Fig. 9 a blank similar to that described with respect to Fig. 3, isindicated, the main difference being that in Fig. 9 the centrallongitudinal portion 1 is lightened by the removal of a central section2 and also of a section 2 near each end of the blank. These removedportions may be of any desired size and shape and, as is obvious, theirremoval lightens or reduces the weight of the blank without materiallyimpairing its strength as a tie. This lightened form of blank may haveadvantages over the more solid form found in Fig. 3, inasmuch as itallows greater facilities for anchoring with the ballast, and also forcarrying otf drainage. Either form may commend itself to the practicalengineer when considering the character of the rolling stock and theamount of traffic intended to be provided for.

In Fig. 7 such a tie as is hereinbefore described as stamped out ofsheet metal, is shown as a casting of steel or other suitable material.The tie, whether stamped or cast, may be galvanized for its protectionfrom exterior influences.

As has been stated my present invention contemplates a com inationbetween the composite, that is to say, metallic and wooden structurethus far described, and a metallic tie-plate and rod. This combinationwill be understood by reference, more especially, to Figs. 1, 6, 11 and12, although shown to some extent in other figures. The tie-plate androd, generally represented by B, is also stamped from a sheet of metal,

raeao preferably steel, and is indicated in two equivalent'forms inFigs. 4 and 10. In each the central or rod portion 20 of the blank, inthe completed structure, is preferably bent to the inverted U-shapeshown by 20 in Fig. 12, which is a section. on the line 12-12 of Fig.11. The outer ends 21 of the tie-plate section proper, see Figs. 1, 4and 10, are of somewhat extended area, the under side of each of saidparts 21 being provided with points or spurs 8 which, as seen in Fig. 6,are embedded in the upper surface of one of the wooden blocks 12. Theupper surfaces of the parts 21 serve as the .immediate seatsfor theflanges of the rails C, so indicated in Figs. 1, 2, 5, 6, 8 and 11. Therail having been laid upon the outer end of the plate member 21, certaintongues formed at the end of said plate are turned over upon therespective sides of the flange of the rail whereby to clamp it to thetie-plate and supplement the work of the usual spikes a. Such tongues,in the blank tie plate and rod, Figs. 4 and 10, are shown by 22 and 23.In Fig. 4 the left hand end of the tie-plate proper is seen providedwith two exterior tongues 22 and one interior tongue 23, while the righthand end is furnished with one exterior tongue 22 and two inner tongues23. This system of illustration is to explain that it is optional withme to select the number and arrangement of these tongues. Thus in Fig.10 each end of the tie-plate has three exterior tongues 22 and two innerones 23. It will be understood that in Figs. 4 and 10 the bendingmargins, whether of the central portion of the structure or of thetongues, are indicated by dotted lines. The disposition of the tonguesis left to the discretion of the engineer. The length of the tongue 22or 23 will also be left to his judgment, in view of conditions to beencountered. Thus the tongues 22, 23 may be long enough to reach to theweb of the rail, as indicated in Figs. 1, 6, 8 and 11, or have lesserlap upon the flange. It is obvious that these tongues do not interferewith the ordinary spiking which confines the tie-plate member and itssuperposed rail to the wooden block or cushion 12.

The formation described,'while primarily designed to give to thetie-plate and rod great inherent strength, serves other purposes. Thus,the cavity or channeled under side of the central or rod member of thetieplate and rod 18 receives and pockets a portion of the ballast, thestructure thereby being effectually anchored with the road bed.Furthermore, the ends 25 of this inverted U-shaped part of the rodmember abut against the iner ends of the blocks 12, thereby cooperatingas a lock with the points or spurs 8 to prevent distortion of the track.

My combined tie and tie-plate and rod may be used with a worn out woodentie by cutting the tie in the center and reversing the ends, the, artsworn in the old tie by the flange of tlie rail not being used for theseat of the rail in my improved structure.

While the use of such points or spurs as 8 or8 is considered advisableand as adding to the efliciency of my invention, they may be omitted ifdesired.

This invention is believed to constitute a practical improvementconsisting of a composite metallic and wood tie in operative combinationwith a unitary metallic tieplate and rod, the whole structure forming asubstantial effective and immovable seat for the rails, and lock withthe road bed.

It is my intention to file a separate application for the compositemetallic and Wooden tie, and another for the unitary metallic tie-plateand rod, the combination of which two structures froms the subject mat-,ter of the present case.

Certain details entering into this invention, hereinbefore specificallydescribed, may be varied in manner and form suggesting themselves to theskilled engineer or me chanic without involving invention.

While wood is mentioned as the substance of which the blocks 12 aremade, any other material or combination of materials having suficientlythe function of wood in this use may be substituted therefor, andtherefore where wood is mentioned in the claims it is to be understoodthat its equivalent is to be included.

Having thus described my invention, T claim 1. A metallic trough-shapedtie and a Wooden block at eachend thereof, combined with a metallicunitary tie-plate and rod the rod portion of which unit is provided withshoulders each adapted to' fit against the inner end of one of saidwooden blocks, the end or tie-plate portions of said unit being ofextended area for resting upon said wooden blocks and having tonguesadapted to be bent over the flanges of the supported rails.

2. A metallic trough-shaped tie having interior points or spurs, and awooden block at each end of said tie adapted to be penetrated by saidpoints or spurs, combined with a metallic unitary tie-plate and rod therod portion of which unit is provided with shoulders each adapted to fitagainst the inner ends of one of said wooden blocks, said tie-plate androd having ends of extended area furnished with'points or spurs topenetrate said Wooden blocks and with tongues adapted to be bent overthe flanges of the supported rails.

3. A metallic trough-shaped tie and a wooden block at each end thereofcombined with a metallic unitary tie-plate and rod the rod portion ofwhich is of inverted U- shape and provided with shoulders each 130adapted to fit against the inner end of one of said wooden blocks, saidunitary tie-plate and rod having ends of extended area to rest upon saidwooden blocks and furnished with tongues adapted to be bent over theflanges of the supported rails,

4. An open-sided trough-shaped metallic tie and a wooden block at eachend ofsaid tie and confined within the same, combined with a unitarytie-plate red the rod portion of which unit is of inverted ill-shape andprovided with. shoulders each adapted to fit against the inner end oneof said wooden blocks, said unitary tie-plate and rod having ends ofextended area to rest upon said wooden blocks and tarnished with tonguesadapted to be bent over the flanges of the supported and bolts fordrawing together the sides of the trough-shaped tie.

5. An open-sided trough-shaped metallic tie having interior points orspurs a wooden block at each end of said tie confined within the sameand adapted to be penetrated by the points or spurs thereof, combinedwith a metallic unitary tie-plate and red the rod portion of which unitis of inverted U-shape and provided with shoulders each adapted to fitagainst the inner end of one of said wooden blocks, said unitarytie-plate and rod having ends of extended area to rest upon said woodenblock and furnished With tongues adapted to be bent over the flanges ofthe supported rails, and bolts for drawing together the sides of thetrough-shaped tie.

6. A trough-shaped metallic tie having open sides provided with integralpoints or spurs, and an open bottom, and a wooden block at each end ofsaid tie confined within the same and adapted to be penetrated by saidpoints or spurs, combined with a metallic unitary tie-plate and rod therod portion of which unit is of inverted U-shape and provided withshoulders each adapted to fit against the inner end of one of saidWooden blocks, said unitary tie-plate and rod having ends of extendedarea to rest upon said wooden blocks and tongues adapted to be bent overthe flanges o1 the supported rails, and bolts and nuts for drawing toether the sides of the trough-shaped tie.

An open-sided metallic trough-shaped tie, formed of a stamped blank ofsheet metal, and a wooden block at each end of said tieconfined withinthe same, combined with a-metallic unitary tie-plate and rod the rodportion of which unit is of inverted U-shape and provided with shoulderseach adapted to fit against the inner end of one of said Wooden blocks,said unitary tie-plate and rod having ends to rest upon said woodenblocks and furnished with tongues nae gore adapted to be bent over theflanges of the supported rails, and bolts for drawin together the sidesof the trough-shaped tie.

8. An open-sided metallic trough-shaped tie formed or stamped out ofsheet metal and having integral points or spurs, and a wooden block ateach end of said tie confined within the same and engaged by said pointsor spurs, combined with a metallic unitary tie-plate and rod the rodportion of which unit is of inverted U-shape and pro vided withshoulders each adapted to fit against the inner end of one of saidwooden blocks, said unitary tie-plate and rod having ends of extendedarea to rest upon said wooden blocks and furnished with integral pointsor spurs for penetrating said blocks and with tongues adapted to be bentover the flanges of the supported rails, and bolts for drawing togetherthe sides of the troughshaped tie.

9. As a combined composite tie and tieplate and rod, a metallictrough-shaped and open-sided metallic body, a wooden block clampedwithin each end of said body and so located within the same as to belongitudinally within the limit of its pockets, a metallic unitarytie-plate and red the rod portion of which unit is of inverted U-shape,the construction and arrangement being such that the tie centrally andat each end thereof; and the tie rod by reason of its inverted U-shape,shall receive, lock, and anchor with the ballast whereby the combinedstructure is made practically a part of the road bed, and means forcompressing the tie upon said wooden blocks and for causing theembedding of the tie-plate and also the tie-rod and plate in said woodenblocks.

10; A metallic trough-shaped tie and a wooden block at each end thereofand clamped therein, the upper edges of said metallic trough-shaped tiebeing depressed below the plane in which rests the foot of the rail,combined with a metallic unitary tie-plate and rod the rod portion ofwhich unit is provided with shoulders each adapted to fit against theinner end of one of said wooden blocks, the end portions of said unitbeing of extended area for resting upon said blocks and having tonguesadapted to be bent over the flanges of the supported rails, and meansfor compressing the tie u on said blocks and for causing the embe dingof the tie and also the tie rod and plate in said wooden blocks.

In testimony whereof I alfix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALBERT H. HENDERSON.

Witnesses:

MARY M. MAGRAW, HARRIET S. MAGRAW.

